{"id":50,"date":"2012-11-25T14:09:26","date_gmt":"2012-11-25T19:09:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.okraparadisefarms.com\/blog\/2012\/11\/higher-climate-temperatures-mean-more-and-faster-tree-deaths.html"},"modified":"2012-11-25T14:09:26","modified_gmt":"2012-11-25T19:09:26","slug":"higher-climate-temperatures-mean-more-and-faster-tree-deaths","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.okraparadisefarms.com\/blog\/2012\/11\/higher-climate-temperatures-mean-more-and-faster-tree-deaths.html","title":{"rendered":"Higher climate temperatures mean more and faster tree deaths"},"content":{"rendered":"

\nHigher average temperatures\n\n\"acres<\/a>\nmean much more frequent droughts and trees dying faster in droughts\nbecause of the temperatures.\nThat plus pine beetles, according to research from 2009.\nForestry is Georgia’s second largest industry<\/a>\nin terms of\n\nemployment and wages and salaries,<\/a>\nmore than $28 billion a year\naccording to the Georgia Forestry Commission,\nplus an estimated\n\n$36 billion a year in ecosystem services<\/a>\nsuch as water filtration, carbon storage, wildlife habitat, and aesthetics,\nnot to mention hunting and fishing.\nClimate change matters to Georgia’s forests and to Georgia.\n<\/p>\n

\nThe paper appeared 13 April 2009 in the Proceedings of the National Academy\nof the Sciences,\n\nTemperature sensitivity of drought-induced tree mortality portends increased regional die-off under global-change-type drought<\/a>,\nby\nHenry D. Adams, Maite Guardiola-Claramonte, Greg A. Barron-Gafford, Juan Camilo Villegas, David D. Breshears, Chris B. Zou, Peter A. Troch, and Travis E. Huxman,\n106(17) 7063-7066,\ndoi: 10.1073\/pnas.0901438106.\n<\/p>\n

\n\n\"Fig.<\/a>\n

\nAll drought trees in the warmer treatment died before any of the drought\ntrees in the ambient treatment (on average 18.0 vs. 25.1 weeks, P <0.01;\nFig. 1A).\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\nThey say warmer trees dying faster in drought\nwasn’t due to a difference in amount of water.\nInstead, they infer the warmer trees couldn’t breathe.\n<\/p>\n

\n

\nCombined, our results provide experimental evidence that pi\u00f1on\npines attempted to avoid drought-induced mortality by regulating\nstomata and foregoing further photosynthesis but subsequently\nsuccumbed to drought due to carbon starvation, not sudden hydraulic\nfailure. Importantly, we isolate the effect of temperature from\nother climate variables and biotic agents\n\n\"Fig.<\/a>\nand show that the effect\nof warmer temperature in conjunction with drought can be\nsubstantial.\n<\/p>\n

\nOur results imply that future warmer temperatures will not only\nincrease background rates of tree mortality (13, 16), but also\nresult in more frequent widespread vegetation die-off events (3, 35)\nthrough an exacerbation of metabolic stress associated with drought.\nWith warmer temperatures, droughts of shorter duration\u2014which\noccur more frequently\u2014would be sufficient to cause widespread\ndie-off.\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\nHow much more frequently?\nThey calculated an estimate for that, too: five times more frequently.\nOf course, that’s for the specific kinds of forests they were studying,\nand the exact number may vary, but the general trend is clear:\nhigher temperatures mean more frequent droughts,\nlike\n\n\"drought<\/a>\n\nthe year-long drought we just experienced in south Georgia.<\/a>\n<\/p>\n\n\"pine<\/a>\n

\n

\nThis projection is conservative because it is based on the\nhistorical drought record and therefore does not include changes in\ndrought frequency, which is predicted to increase concurrently with\nwarming (2, 37\u201439). In addition, populations of tree pests,\nsuch as bark beetles, which are often the proximal cause of\nmortality in this species and others, are also expected to increase\nwith future warming (7, 9, 38).\n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\nBark beetles, such as the ones that bored into this 19 inch slash pine\nand spread from there to twenty others I had to cut down to prevent further spread\nof the pine beetles.\nWhat happens when pine beetles spread\nis what you see in the\nfirst picture in this post:\nacres and acres of dead red pine trees.\n\n\"slash<\/a>\nMonoculture slash pine plantations may show this effect most clearly,\nbut look around here, and you’ll see red dead loblolly and longleaf pines,\ntoo.\n<\/p>\n

\nThe article is saying that if the beetles don’t get the trees\nweakened by droughts that will be much more frequent,\nthe trees will die more quickly of suffocation,\nbecause the temperature is higher.\nHigher temperatures is something that should concern every Georgian\nin our state where forestry is the second largest industry and our forests\nprotect our wildlife and the air that we breathe and the water that we drink.\n<\/p>\n

\n-jsq\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Higher average temperatures mean much more frequent droughts and trees dying faster in droughts because of the temperatures. That plus pine beetles, according to research from 2009. Forestry is Georgia’s second largest industry in terms of employment and wages and salaries, more than $28 billion a year according to the Georgia Forestry Commission, plus an […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[142,40,44,10,69,143,70,6,60,73,36,21,74,144],"tags":[2801,145,2774,146,3,23,2778,2764,2786,5,2802,2787,2,2760,2780,147,2790,2772,2768,2791,2803],"class_list":["post-50","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-change","category-economy","category-health","category-history","category-insects","category-loblolly","category-longleaf","category-okra-paradise-farms","category-plants","category-science","category-silviculture","category-slash","category-water","category-weather","tag-climate-change","tag-drought","tag-economy","tag-frequency","tag-georgia","tag-gretchen-quarterman","tag-health","tag-history","tag-insects","tag-john-s-quarterman","tag-loblolly","tag-longleaf","tag-lowndes-county","tag-okra-paradise-farms","tag-plants","tag-research","tag-science","tag-silviculture","tag-slash","tag-water","tag-weather"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4Gj0O-O","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.okraparadisefarms.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.okraparadisefarms.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.okraparadisefarms.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.okraparadisefarms.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.okraparadisefarms.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.okraparadisefarms.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.okraparadisefarms.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.okraparadisefarms.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.okraparadisefarms.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}